UNFPA released ‘India Aging Report-2023’

UNFPA Released 'India Aging Report-2023': Key Insights into India's Aging Population

In collaboration with the International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) India has unveiled the much-anticipated "India Aging Report 2023." This comprehensive report sheds light on the challenges, opportunities, and institutional responses to elder care in India as the country undergoes a significant demographic transition towards an aging population. This article delves into the major findings and implications of the report, offering valuable insights into India's demographic landscape.

UNFPA released ‘India  Aging Report-2023’

Understanding the India Aging Report-2023

The Collaborative Effort

The India Aging Report-2023 has been meticulously prepared in collaboration with the latest data sources, including the Longitudinal Aging Survey in India (LASI) for 2017-18, Census of India, Population Projections (2011-2036) by the Government of India, and the United Nations Economic and World Population Outlook 2022. UNFPA, originally established as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities in 1969, has been a driving force in addressing population-related challenges, later renamed the United Nations Population Fund in 1987, with its headquarters in New York, USA.

Key Findings

1. Soaring Elderly Population

The report projects a significant surge in India's elderly population, which is expected to reach 227 million by 2036, constituting approximately 14.9 percent of the total population. Remarkably, by the end of the century, the number of elderly individuals in India is anticipated to surpass 36 percent of the overall population.

2. Shifting Demographics

Current projections indicate a noteworthy shift in demographics, with the likelihood of having more elderly individuals than children (aged 0 to 15 years) in India by 2046. Concurrently, the share of the population aged 15 to 59 is expected to decline by 2045.

3. Remarkable Growth in the 80+ Age Group

The report highlights a remarkable growth of approximately 279 percent in the population of individuals over the age of 80 between 2022 and 2050. This demographic shift signifies a pressing need for enhanced elderly care and support systems.

4. Economic Disparities

A significant concern addressed in the report is the economic disparities among the elderly population in India. More than 40 percent of the elderly fall within the poorest wealth group, and a staggering 18.7 percent lack any source of income. It is noteworthy that a substantial portion of India's elderly population comprises women.

5. Gender and Life Expectancy

The report reveals a significant gender disparity in life expectancy among the elderly in India. Women aged 60 and above have a life expectancy that is 19 years longer than that of men, which is 17.5 years. Additionally, there are notable variations in age structure and population growth rates among different states in India.

6. Regional Disparities

Certain states in India, primarily in the southern region and select northern states like Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, already have a higher share of elderly population compared to the national average. This gap is projected to widen further by 2036.

7. Longevity in Specific Regions

In states such as Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujarat, Uttarakhand, Kerala, Himachal Pradesh, and the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, the report highlights that the life expectancy of women aged 60 and above is more than 20 years, emphasizing the importance of tailored support for these regions.

Conclusion

The "India Aging Report-2023" by UNFPA, in partnership with IIPS, paints a vivid picture of India's evolving demographic landscape. With a substantial increase in the elderly population and shifting age structures, there is an urgent need for comprehensive policies and strategies to address the challenges and opportunities presented by this demographic transition. As we move forward, it is imperative that India prioritizes elder care, economic equality, and gender-sensitive approaches to ensure a dignified and prosperous life for its aging citizens.

FAQs

1. What is UNFPA's role in addressing India's aging population?

UNFPA plays a pivotal role in collating and analyzing data related to India's aging population, working alongside government agencies and research institutions to formulate effective policies and interventions.

2. How can India address the economic disparities among its elderly population?

Addressing economic disparities among the elderly requires a multi-faceted approach, including social security programs, pension schemes, and employment opportunities for older individuals.

3. What are the implications of the gender disparity in life expectancy among the elderly in India?

The gender disparity in life expectancy highlights the need for gender-sensitive healthcare and support systems, recognizing the specific needs of elderly women.

4. What can states with a higher share of elderly population do to prepare for this demographic shift?

States with a higher share of elderly population should focus on developing infrastructure and services catering to the unique needs of older citizens, including healthcare, social support, and economic opportunities.

5. How can individuals contribute to supporting India's aging population?

Individuals can contribute by raising awareness about elderly issues, volunteering for elder care programs, and advocating for policies that promote the well-being of older citizens.